Discovering Adak, Alaska: The Southernmost Alaskan Community
Location and Coordinates: Adak, Alaska, pronounced “A-dack,” is situated near the end of the Aleutian Chain, overlooking Kuluk Bay on Adak Island. This remote community lies approximately 1,300 miles or a three-hour flight southwest of Anchorage and 350 miles west of Unalaska (Dutch Harbor, Alaska). Adak is part of an unincorporated borough, with coordinates at Latitude N51.87 and Longitude W-176.62.
Population and Elevation: With just over 160 residents, Adak is a small community located at or just above sea level.
Description: Once a Navy Air Station, Adak is now leased to the Aleut Corporation. The area is known for its strong, cold, and wet winds, which are almost a constant presence. Funneled down mountain valleys and accelerated by temperature changes, these winds, known as “Williwaw,” begin at around 60 knots and can grow even faster. So strong are these winds that they once blew an anemometer off a tower, and residents have been seen “hang gliding” using only their parkas. Adak is flanked by the Kanaga Volcano to the west and the Great Sitkin Volcano to the east.
Activities and Attractions:
1. Bird Watching: The National Maritime National Wildlife Refuge, managed by the U.S. Fish & Wildlife, offers excellent bird watching opportunities with a variety of habitats, including barren mudflats and high alpine tundra. Prime bird watching times are during low tide, early mornings, and late evenings, with the season and weather conditions influencing the species and numbers of birds observed. Some of the best birding areas in Adak include the southwest portion of Clam Lagoon, Kuluk Bay, Sweeper Cove, and Lake Andrew.
Historical Background: The Aleutian Islands were historically inhabited by the Unanga people, with Adak being a thriving community until the early 1800s. The Russian fur trade brought significant changes, as Aleutian Island hunters followed the Russians eastward, leaving many of the Andrean Island group’s inhabitants to face famine, starvation, and eventual death. The islands continued to be actively hunted and fished until WWII when Army installations were built on Adak Island, enabling U.S. forces to launch a successful offensive against the Japanese-held islands of Kiska and Attu.
After the war, Adak was developed as a Naval Air Station and a submarine surveillance center during the Cold War. At its peak, the U.S. Navy housed over 6,000 personnel and their families in Adak. However, in 1994 family housing and schools were closed, and the station was officially shut down in March 1997. The Aleut Corporation acquired Adak’s facilities under a land transfer agreement with the Department of the Interior and the U.S. Navy/Department of Defense. Today, properties are under a lease agreement, and in September 1998, the school was reopened for the thirty families of the Aleut Corporation Shareholders who relocated to Adak.
Transportation: Alaska Airlines operates passenger and cargo jet services from Anchorage to Adak, providing convenient access to this remote community.
Facilities: Today, Adak boasts a fueling port and crew transfer facility for foreign fishing fleets, an airport, docks, housing facilities, a restaurant, and supply stores. The Adak Medical Center serves as a qualified Emergency Care Center and Primary Health Care Facility.
RV Information: There are no RV facilities available in Adak, Alaska.
Adak, Alaska, provides visitors and residents with a unique and remote experience, combining the area’s natural beauty, rich history, and distinct cultural heritage. Here are some additional points of interest and activities to explore in and around Adak:
Outdoor Activities:
1. Hiking and Exploring: Adak offers numerous opportunities for hiking and exploring its rugged landscape. The island’s terrain varies from rolling tundra to rocky cliffs and volcanic peaks, providing visitors with a range of trails and scenic vistas to discover.
2. Fishing: The surrounding waters of Adak are home to a diverse range of fish species, including halibut, salmon, and cod. Anglers can try their luck in the bays, creeks, and offshore waters, either independently or through guided fishing tours.
3. Wildlife Viewing: In addition to its birdlife, Adak also supports a variety of land and marine mammals. Visitors may spot sea otters, seals, and whales off the coast, as well as caribou, foxes, and other small mammals on the island.
Cultural Experiences:
1. Adak Museum: The Adak Museum showcases the island’s history, including its indigenous heritage, military past, and natural environment. The museum features exhibits, artifacts, and photographs that tell the story of Adak and its people.
2. Aleut Cultural Events: The Aleut Corporation and other local organizations occasionally host cultural events to celebrate and preserve the indigenous heritage of the region. These events may include traditional dances, storytelling, and workshops on Aleut arts and crafts.
3. World War II and Cold War Relics: Adak’s former military installations have left behind numerous structures and relics, providing a fascinating glimpse into the island’s wartime past. Visitors can explore the remnants of bunkers, barracks, and other facilities that once served as a critical base for U.S. forces during World War II and the Cold War.
Planning Your Visit:
1. Weather Considerations: As mentioned earlier, Adak is known for its windy and often wet climate. Be prepared for rapidly changing weather conditions by dressing in layers, wearing waterproof clothing, and packing extra gear to stay warm and dry.
2. Provisions and Supplies: Given its remote location, it’s essential to plan for limited access to provisions and supplies. Bring any specialized equipment, medications, or other necessities with you, as these items may not be readily available on the island.
3. Respecting the Environment: Adak’s pristine natural environment deserves respect and care. Follow Leave No Trace principles during your visit, and be mindful of local regulations and restrictions related to outdoor activities.
By immersing yourself in the natural beauty, historical significance, and cultural richness of Adak, Alaska, you’ll be rewarded with a truly unique and unforgettable experience in this remote corner of the world.
As you further explore Adak, Alaska, and its surrounding areas, you’ll discover additional aspects of this remote island that make it a unique destination. Here are some more points of interest and activities to consider during your visit:
Natural Wonders:
1. Volcanoes: Adak is part of the Aleutian Islands, which form an extensive volcanic arc. While visiting, you can witness the island’s volcanic legacy, including the nearby Kanaga Volcano and Great Sitkin Volcano. Although these volcanoes are not currently active, their presence adds to the dramatic landscape of the region.
2. Geothermal Hot Springs: In some areas around Adak, you may find geothermal hot springs, where you can enjoy a warm soak in a natural setting. These springs are a result of the volcanic activity in the region and offer a unique way to experience the island’s geology.
Historical Points of Interest:
1. WWII Battle Sites: The islands of Kiska and Attu, which are part of the Aleutian Islands, were the only U.S. soil occupied by Japanese forces during World War II. Although these islands are not easily accessible, they hold historical significance and stand as a testament to the strategic importance of the Aleutians during the war.
2. Abandoned Military Buildings: As you explore Adak, you’ll come across numerous abandoned military buildings, remnants of the island’s past as a Naval Air Station and submarine surveillance center. These structures serve as a fascinating window into Adak’s history and its role during the Cold War era.
Photography Opportunities:
1. Landscapes: Adak’s diverse terrain, from volcanic peaks to windswept tundra, offers stunning photography opportunities. Capture the island’s rugged beauty during different seasons, weather conditions, and times of day for a variety of unique shots.
2. Wildlife: With its abundant birdlife and various marine and land mammals, Adak provides ample opportunities for wildlife photography. Patience and a keen eye will help you spot and capture images of the island’s diverse inhabitants.
Travel Tips:
1. Accommodations: Accommodation options on Adak are limited, so ensure you book your lodging well in advance. Some options include rental homes, apartments, and a small number of hotel rooms, which should cater to different budgets and preferences.
2. Communication: Cellular service and internet connectivity can be limited in Adak due to its remote location. It’s essential to plan for these limitations by informing your family and friends of your travel plans and having backup communication options, such as satellite phones, if necessary.
3. Emergency Services: While the Adak Medical Center provides primary health care and emergency services, it’s crucial to remember that more advanced medical facilities are located far from the island. Ensure you have adequate travel insurance and are aware of the procedures for medical evacuation in case of an emergency.
By delving deeper into the rich history, diverse wildlife, and striking landscapes of Adak, Alaska, you’ll gain a greater appreciation for this remote and captivating destination.
Adak, Alaska, and its surrounding areas offer numerous opportunities for wildlife photography enthusiasts. Here are some recommended spots to capture stunning images of the region’s diverse fauna:
1. National Maritime National Wildlife Refuge: As mentioned earlier, this refuge is an excellent destination for bird photography. The southwest portion of Clam Lagoon, Kuluk Bay, Sweeper Cove, and Lake Andrew are prime locations for observing and photographing various bird species, including seabirds, shorebirds, and waterfowl.
2. Adak Island Coastline: The island’s coastline provides opportunities to photograph marine mammals such as sea otters, seals, and whales. Patience and a telephoto lens can help you capture these elusive creatures in their natural habitat.
3. Inland Tundra and Hills: Adak’s inland areas, characterized by rolling tundra and hills, are home to caribou, foxes, and other small mammals. Keep an eye out for these animals while exploring the island’s interior, and be prepared to photograph them from a safe distance.
4. Neighboring Islands: If you have the opportunity to venture beyond Adak Island, the neighboring Aleutian Islands also offer excellent wildlife photography opportunities. Each island has its unique ecosystem, providing a diverse range of species to observe and photograph. However, keep in mind that accessing these remote islands may require special permits and transportation arrangements.
When photographing wildlife in Adak and the surrounding areas, it’s essential to prioritize the safety and well-being of the animals. Maintain a safe distance, avoid disturbing their natural behaviors, and adhere to local regulations and guidelines. By doing so, you’ll not only ensure the welfare of the wildlife but also increase your chances of capturing stunning and authentic images of Adak’s remarkable fauna.
To summarize; Adak, Alaska, is a remote and unique destination with a rich history, diverse wildlife, and striking landscapes. Outdoor activities such as hiking, fishing, and wildlife viewing are popular among visitors. The island’s volcanic landscape, World War II and Cold War relics, and cultural events provide additional points of interest. Wildlife photography spots include the National Maritime National Wildlife Refuge, the island’s coastline for marine mammals, inland tundra and hills for caribou and foxes, and neighboring Aleutian Islands for more diverse species. When planning your visit, be prepared for limited accommodations, communication, and access to provisions and supplies due to the island’s remote location.